Baguio City, Philippines – Overlapping claims, incomplete records, and a complex legal framework have long plagued land ownership in Baguio City, particularly concerning ancestral domain. However, a new technology, blockchain, is being mulled by the Good Governance Alliance as a potential solution, offering a more secure and transparent approach to land management.
Blockchain, the technology behind cryptocurrencies, creates a permanent, unalterable record of transactions. In the context of land ownership, this means that every land title, transfer, and claim would be recorded on a shared, distributed ledger, accessible to all authorized parties. This immutability makes it extremely difficult to tamper with or falsify land records, a significant problem in traditional paper-based systems.
“The potential for blockchain to address Baguio’s unique land challenges is significant,” says City Councilor, Engr . Isabelo B. Cosalan Jr. “The technology offers a level of transparency and security that could greatly reduce disputes and streamline the land registration process. It can be a great help, particularly on the Supreme Court’s decision emphasizing the importance of “open, continuous, and actual possession” for land claims outside the IPRA framework. [Cosalan is the GGA Alliance candidate for congressman]
One of the most promising aspects of blockchain is its potential to help recognize and protect ancestral domain claims. By documenting oral histories, mapping ancestral lands, and empowering indigenous communities with control over their land records, blockchain can provide crucial evidence and support for their rights.
Cosalan believes this potential aligns well with the ongoing initiatives by the Land Registration Authority (LRA), which is already exploring the use of blockchain for land registration nationwide.
“Integrating Baguio City’s land registry with the LRA’s systems and adhering to national standards could pave the way for a unified and efficient land management system,” Cosalan said.
However, the implementation of blockchain technology is not without its challenges. Scalability, data privacy, legal adaptations, and digital literacy among all stakeholders, including indigenous communities, are key considerations to be addressed. Furthermore, the complex interplay of existing property laws and ancestral domain rights requires careful consideration and potential legislative action.
“While the technology holds great promise, it’s important to approach its implementation with careful planning and stakeholder engagement,” adds Mayor Benjamin Magalong who said these are being explored by his Good Governance Alliance whose entire line-up for the May 2025 elections emphasizes integrity and transparency. “We need to ensure that the system is accessible, equitable, and respects the rights of all parties involved.”
Despite these challenges, the potential benefits of blockchain for Baguio’s land issues are substantial.
“By increasing transparency, reducing fraud, and empowering communities, blockchain could contribute to a more secure and equitable land management system, fostering greater trust and stability in the region. The coming years will be crucial in determining whether this innovative technology can live up to its promise and help resolve the long-standing land challenges facing Baguio City.” Magalong explained.
Reference: Roland Bastian Cosalan
